Four billion years ago, life began to appear in the waters of the primitive Earth. Our ancestors not great, not complicated and did not even multicellular. What the scientists learned, ancestor was only a single-celled prokaryotes.
I have said to "genealogy" of every race on earth, but the knowledge of the ancestors of all life is still very limited. LUCA, which stands for common ancestors final Space (last universal common ancestor) did not leave a clue about what they had ever existed. In fact, what remains of LUCA located just faint traces in the genes of every living organism.
LUCA is the root source of all life on Earth.
In a study published this week in the journal Nature Microbiology, scientists at Heinrich Heine University used DNA evidence in there to find new discoveries about LUCA.
and maybe they've done it, when for the first time, researchers have discovered the ancestral image of life and the evidence suggests that self life arose from the hydrothermal circuit. If proved correct, the discovery would push down Darwin's theory, that life is made "from a small warm water ponds", rather than from the depths of the prehistoric seas.
Large tube worms that live in water in areas of volcanic Galapagos Islands.
The findings of the team of scientists is based on the analysis of information 6.1 million genetic code proteins. And thanks to the analysis of genetic lineages of bacteria and archaea, two "the" oldest living cells, they found the same 355 genes, can be born from LUCA and persist in prokaryotes today.
Previously, it was thought that LUCA is the source of life for all bacteria, archaea and eukaryotic species. Three theories of this area, called the "tree of life, the universe" has been accepted and widespread, until the recent discovery has led scientists to believe that the creature's real (real plants, animals, fungi and other living organisms that's separate from the cells, separated by a membrane), actually was born from bacteria, archaea and prokaryotes species.
with the species eukaryotic organisms appear very late in the timeline of evolution, this study focuses on the two ancient genes rest: bacteria and archaea. Based on the result of decades of genetic research information, a team of scientists have been classified separately in the presence of 286 514 LUCA protein clusters. If both genes are expressed in the form of bacteria and archaea, their DNA code, consisting of the letters A, C, G and T will be classified in a separate phylogenetic trees, eventually will lead to the next an independent body and unique.
From a lot of information to be gathered up, 355 protein clusters were traced backwards to mark ancestor LUCA, find out which creatures lived on Earth 4 billion years ago . According to research results, LUCA living around hydrothermal pools, live in environments without oxygen. They are autotrophic species, can get energy from carbon dioxide-rich environment and hydrogen around them. LUCA itself has a special enzyme, enabling them to survive in extreme environments such as volcanic hot. And with the same enzyme that, ancestor of life were able to filter metals and minerals from the underground circuit, like a living organism, thermophilic environments live in extremely hot temperatures today.
Hoff crabs live in the East Scotia hydrothermal circuit.
Although these descriptions about LUCA, the ancestors of life, perfectly suited to survive in the harsh environment of the Earth at 4 billion years ago, many scientists are still skeptical about this research report. Many critics said that LUCA was a higher living body of the first living organisms ever existed.Others suggest that LUCA only "half life", because itself LUCA still missing a lot of important elements for a complete living organism.
A study by biologists at the University of Manchester McInersey James said LUCA may be the only living survivor "bottleneck event" of some ancient species, a fact that has caused a lot of species disappeared from the genome. The genome of LUCA traces remain to this point is really a blessing.
Indeed, all those studies have only contributed a small part of efforts in the field of evolutionary biology are still many secrets Oh. There is no way we can use to prove that LUCA live in the large hydrothermal circuit, taking minerals from the surrounding environment, because with current technology, we can not reconstruct the origin of life. But the new study, no doubt, has a beam of light shining down extremely necessary for uncertain periods in ancient evolutionary history.
Refer to Motherboard
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